Peer Pressure Towards Negative Behaviour and Classroom...

Children are often viewed as happy, carefree beings without having to care for most stressors in life. However, take a closer look and we would understand that children do have their growing pains as well. In this research, children are defined as young kids below the age of 12. As they grow older, they undergo many changes in their life, and it is of no surprise that they need to learn to cope from the situation based on those changes. This study is designed to understand the underlying theories and factors that could affect the children’s development through the environmental influences that may promote or affect the development of behavior and achievement through peer pressure and classroom quality (Adams, Ryan, Ketsetzis, and Keating,†¦show more content†¦Although conformity and compliance are relatively similar, they too, have differences. Compliance is a specific response to a specific request, while conformity generally involves unspoken pressure to behave in a particular manner. Generally, compliance involves request which could be explicit such as using the foot-in-the-door technique. Most of the time, in compliance, the child is told to respond or complete the task told in a desirable manner; while in conformity, a person is expected to behave in a particular manner (Cialdini and Trost, 1998). Compliance plays a major role in building and maintaining relationships where children learn to behave in a certain manner to maintain status quo (Cialdini and Trost, 1998). When we comply with an instruction, we receive praises, or lavished with social acceptance and gifts. By doing so, the children feel accepted, wanted and loved by other peers. In a way, compliance acts as a form of conditioning the behavior expected from their peers (Cialdini and Trost, 1998). It is easy to view compliance as a form of concession due to the obligation children might have towards their peers. Studies have found that with compliance, children tend to bend towards peer pressure and it has a significant effect towards negative behavior (Adams et al, 2000; Fanti and Henrich, 2010). This isn’t surprising, as childrenShow MoreRelatedBarriers Of Learning For A Child Affected By Learning Difficulties ( Ld ) Essay1985 Words   |  8 Pagessupported, can result in a variety of academic and behavioural problems (Riddick, 2009; Selikowitz, 2012; Skues Cummingham, 2011). Conversely, learning disabilities, although frequently identified interchangeably with LD within most Australian states and contemporary literature, are distinctly recognised as â€Å"neurological and permanent†¦[and] resistant to intervention† (Skues Cummingham, 2011, p.160). This report will review the current barriers to academic achievement for students with LD, and furtherRead MoreEFFECT OF PEER PRESSURE OF STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL5933 Words   |  24 PagesTWO Introduction Peers become an important influence on behavior during adolescence, and peer pressure has been called a hallmark of an adolescent experience. Peer conformity in young people is most pronounced with respect to style, taste, appearance, ideology, and values. Peer pressure is commonly associated with episodes of adolescent risk taking (such as delinquency, drug abuse, sexual behaviors, and reckless driving) because these activities commonly occur in the company of peers. Affiliation withRead MoreFactors Affecting the Perfomance of Secretaries in an Organisation4401 Words   |  18 PagesInfluence of Teachers’ and Students’ Attitudes Towards Performance in Shorthand in Technical Training Silvia Kanyaa Vundi, Joseph W. Nasongo and Eunice Majanga Department of Educational Foundations, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya Abstract: Scholastic achievement is the goal of any training. The trainee’s attitude to a subject greatly influences the outcome. This study sought to look at the influence of the learner’s attitude towards shorthand subject on one’s performance inRead MoreWhat Are the Effects of Adhd in the Classroom?5060 Words   |  21 Pagesteachers for guidance and help. ADHD can drastically affect childrens development at school, not only their work but also their social progress and the relationships that they have with teachers and their peers. If not identified early, long-term problems can lead to poor educational achievement and social seclusion. For these reasons, it is crucial that teachers know about the disorder and are able to offer proper support to children in their classes and guidance to parents, as well as helpingRead MoreThe Need to Belong: Rediscovering Maslows Hierarchy of Needs.6034 Words   |  25 PagesHandicapped Children Act of 1975, and the conc ept of the least restrictive environment (LRE) initially were seen as meaningful steps toward including children with physical, intellectuaI, and emotional needs within regular classrooms. In actuality, however, this legislation and its embedded concept of LRE still gave credence to segregated, self-contained classrooms. Although lip service was given to the idea that students would be integrated as much as possible, the underlying paradigm supportingRead MoreStress and Anger Management and Communication Styles3563 Words   |  15 PagesMismanagement of stress causes burnouts. Common factors of stress are time management, financial problems, sleep deprivation, social activities, health, etc. Hatcher and Prus (1991) named these stress factors as academic situational constraints. Their study accounts these factors that decrease academic performances. Being in a new environment may be a cause for students to encounter different problems while going through their college life. These problems may involve the inability to fit in or to mingleRead MoreThe Social-Emotional Aspects of Teaching and Learning 2488 Words   |  10 PagesChildren’s intellectual development is inseparable from their social and emotional development (Dowling, 2011). Childrens and young people’s social and emotional wellbeing is influenced by a range of factors, such as, parenting styles that cause bad behaviour, family dysfunction and sibling rivalry which lead to learning and motivational problems within the educational setting (Dowling, 2011). Furthermore, personal, social and emotional development is one of the four broad areas of special educationalRead MoreFactors Affecting Motivation to Learn English25117 Words   |  101 Pagesclose significant others do have influence on the respondents’ attitude and perception towards the English language, their English proficiency grades were not influenced by them. In conclusion, socializing factors such as family members and significant others are not significant contributors to English proficiency in Chinese students in Johor Bahru but they do contribute to the positive attitude and perception towards English that many of the respondents have. iii ABSTRAK Kepentingan BahasaRead MoreEducational Inclusion Of The National Curriculum Inclusion Statement2851 Words   |  12 Pagesdefining these three concepts. Firstly Ofsted (2000) state that educational inclusion should pay ‘particular attention to the provision made for and the achievement of different groups of pupils within schools.’ Stidder and Hayes (2012, pg 9-10) more specifically define educational inclusion as the ‘ways in which schools and teachers value the achievements, attitudes and well being of every young person equally whilst providing a curriculum that is relevant to each individual regardless of ability.’ InRead MoreRole of Women in Education and Social Development of Children4841 Words   |  20 Pagesvalues of learning, self-discipline and hardwork, expressing high but realistic expectation for achievement, encouraging children’s development/progress in school and encouraging reading, writing and discussion among family members. Lines (2005) stated that women play a vital role in their children’s education by providing encouragement, arranging appropriate study time and time, modelling desired behaviour (such as reading for pleasure), monitoring homework and actively tutoring their children at home

Founding Fathers of Psychology - 1587 Words

Un-Official Founding Fathers of Psychology Sarah Psy/310 2/13/2012 Un-Official Founding Fathers of Psychology These four men that we are about to talk about are some of the, if not the most important people in psychology. One developed psychology as a school of thought and published the first book on the subject which opened the door for another to develop his theories. Years after the book came out another thinker was inspired to look into the human mind and this time with a more scientifically critical mind and approach, there was a common reason people had problem, he just was not positive what. This lead two of his students to move on and one focus on the individual versus what the majority has a problem with and made sure that†¦show more content†¦This helps improve the one so that eventually that one will go out into society and become responsible for themselves and each other as good members of it. Adler continued to believe that Freud had made a point by looking back at ones childhood for answers but rather than focusing on the sexu al root to the problem, he focused on the feelings that came out of a situation (Lafountain, 2009). For example, if one grew up afraid to take charge of situations because someone else always did it for them, they could have trouble later in life trying to be in charge of themselves or other people. After studying with Freud he went on to focus on how society affects an individual and how that individual functions in society. He believed there were three things a person needed to accomplish in life to be a healthy socially minded person. First is the task of finding how to survive, a job, maintaining ones house, the responsible things. Second is cooperating and being civil as well as respectful to society. Third are intimate relationships, having children, friends, a spouse. All three of these were crucial to being a normally functioning person in society (Lafountain, 2010). Basically a person is unique in nearly all aspects of their life and that needs to be taken into account in e ach and every case from psychology to teaching because not everyone is going to fit together well. Carl Jung, as with Adler was inspired and influenced by Freud in the earlyShow MoreRelatedThe Founding Father of Clinical Psychology Essay1682 Words   |  7 PagesThe era of discovery in psychology was a fast-paced and debatable one as some of the unlikeliest individuals entered into the realm of the new science. Some by accident because of their close work with other fields of science and others with the direct intent to create a new school of thought. During its inception and much of its history, deliberation over how psychology should be defined and what it should encompass filled most of the scholarly printings and closed-door discussions. As a resultRead MoreAlfred Adler, The Founding Father Of Individual Psychology Essay2066 Words   |  9 Pagesindividuals that have played major parts in studying various theories of personalities. Personality theories of which, that can apply to our daily life and that can help us to better understand our personalities. Alfred Adler was the founding father of individual psychology. Adler believed in the importance of social connections and childhood development. A few examples of Alfred Adler’s theories include the following: Style of life and unity of the individual, which was based on emotions, thinking andRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Abnormal Psychology1527 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Cherry (2016), abnormal psychology is a branch within psychology that focuses on behaviour that is unusual and not deemed as normal within society. This branch of psychology is composed of a variety of disorders and their causes as well as possible management and/or treatment. With this in mind and within this assignment, I will discuss the causes of abnormal behaviour, discuss the causes and symptoms of mood disorder as well as discuss the background and importance of Sigmund FreudRead MoreFather Of Behaviorism : Broadus Watson935 Words   |  4 PagesFather of Behaviorism: Broadus Watson During the late 19th century and early 20th century, psychology was defined as the study of the human mind had an emphasis on introspection (Editors of Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, 2015). After this period of time, psychologists began to criticize the validity of introspection as a method of study (McLeod, 2008). This doubt sparked new ideals and lead the field of psychology to be revolutionized. This new revolution was lead by John Broadus Watson, who is often thoughtRead MoreSociology: The Study of Humanity Essay1480 Words   |  6 Pagesstudy of humanity. However this description of sociology is only partially correct. To say that sociology is about people and humanity is not enough to distinguish it from the other subjects in the human sciences. For it is equally the case that Psychology, Social Policy, Economics and Social History, amongst others, are all in some sense about people and humanity. Thus the fact that sociology is about people and humanity gets us only part way along the road to a full definition of the subject. Read MoreJames Mckeen Cattell Contributions to Psychology1740 Words   |  7 Pagesborn on May 25, 1860, in Easton, Pennsylvania, where his father was soon to be president of Lafayette College from 1863 to 1883. He received his bachelors degree from Lafayette in 1880, spent two years traveling and studying in Germany, and returned to the United States in 1882 as a graduate fellow in philosophy at The Johns Hopkins University. Returning to Leipzig in the fall of 1883, he earned his doctoral degree in experiment al psychology under Wilhelm Wundt in 1886, with a dissertation that examinedRead MoreBehaviourism: History, Principles Contributions1195 Words   |  5 PagesB. Watson is often noted as the father of behaviourism, though its theories were being studied years before hand. A talk by Watson on his manifesto in 1913 was said to be the formal founding of behaviourism where he described the principles of behaviourism and dismissed other notions. Though behaviourism did not become a highly accepted view in psychology, it did have its contributions to the overall field. Behaviourism emerged as a new field of psychology during the early twentieth centuryRead MoreThe Application Of Psychological Perspectives Essay1397 Words   |  6 PagesCertificate of Introduction to Psychology Assignment 1 The Application of Psychological Perspectives By Laura Burke Introduction The term psychology has taken on many meanings and definitions throughout the years, however, my favourite comes from Emma Zara O’Brien: â€Å"Psychology is the study of people: how they think, act, react and interact. Psychology is concerned with all aspects of behaviour and the thoughts, feelings and motivations underlying behaviour. In their search for the causes of diverseRead MoreThe Field Of Educational Psychology856 Words   |  4 PagesSnowman, Jack (1997) defined educational psychology as a branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of human learning. 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Corporate Governance and Business Ethics Free Essays

It is quite interesting to note that, academic research in business ethics was a totally distinct discipline from research in corporate governance, and the application of the word ‘ethics’ was uncommon in available research on corporate governance. The chief responsibility of corporate governance was understood to be safeguarding the benefits of the shareholders. Because of the severance between ownership and management, and the incapability of the independent owners to supervise the performances of those managers, a possibility was available for vital strategic decisions to be taken which would advantageous for the managers to a more larger extent compared to the owners. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Governance and Business Ethics or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, takeovers not related to the organization’s core competence outcome in a bigger corporation, however, it does not result in a more profitable company all the time. Certainly, research has proved that extremely increased extent of isolated diversification normally resulted in lower profits. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) Till the greater part of 1990s, nevertheless, remuneration of executives was normally settled to a greater degree by the magnitude of the company compared to by what profits the company is earning. Therefore, unconnected takeovers will openly and instantly be advantageous for the upper-level managers, however may really be unfavorable in case of the stockholders. In the latter part of 1980s and initial stages of 1990s, when numerous mid and lower ranked employees in America were trimmed down, huge remuneration of the CEOs and the application of other methods which exclusively are advantageous to top level managers started to be talked about in greater detail and also in non-business news publications. Even in this present era, Fortune, Business Week, and The Wall Street Journal report about the yearly surveys of remuneration of CEOs and bonuses. The matters which are normally implicated as the active crusade of the shareholder which started during the 1990s, which culminated in increased appreciation on the part of the investors regarding good corporate governance. In case the citizens might lose confidence in the business due to extensive substandard corporate governance, the outcome could be that the common investor will search for scope other than the stock market. Episodes, in the bygone few years have displayed that an existence has been found about a deep bonding between business ethics and corporate governance. The activities of a company’s top executives impact the lives of several people, not merely shareholders. The arena of corporate governance is appreciating that it is stakeholders, not merely shareholders, whose privileges should be safeguarded. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) The position of U. S. corporations was a vital point in time in which a growing amount of scams have impaired their standing as socially accountable entities. (Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) The Enron debacle has impacted not just the assets of its shareholders, but also even the fate of its staff, and also the Houston community in which it was situated. The domino effects of Enron, Arthur Andersen, Tyco, and other scandals at high places are witnessed presently in the stock market, our country and the employment prospects of our fresh graduates passing out of colleges, and maybe the most enduring in its detriment – in public skepticism, disbelief, and antipathy with the business community. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) The trust among investors was at its nadir, leading in persistent confusion in the financial markets and a smothering of economic turnaround. Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) Considerable sums of invested monies vanished because of accusations of misappropriation at the corporate level and misuse at the internal level. The accusations of scams and a broad discernment of doubt and indecision were unswervingly hindering the capability of enterprises to fight, create fresh jobs and better our economy. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) Overseas investors were taking a cautious approach prior to feeling certain that their investments are secure with the U. S. companies. (Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) The question remains whether an encouraging result is present of these latest episodes. Efficient corporate governance is something which is based on a fundamental set of ethical principles which steer the actions of the company, regarding the decision to launch a new product or collect new capital. It sets up a scaffold for efficiently evaluating risk and finding out and preventing scam and misuse by the internal employees of the corporate. I believe that some of the encouraging results of these latest episodes are which the common American is very aware in the present era regarding corporate governance -although the word is not used by them. I consider that we will be witnessing that in the coming years, communities will expect ethical behavior from companies, be resolute that corporate governance show the commendable values of the company, and that the society reward the people who are idols of excellence and penalize those who flout their wishes. Moreover, I expect that each one of is more aware that ethics is an extremely compelling component of any business proportion. (Corporate Governance and Ethics) There is a universal consensus by the management, regulators, and investor regarding the urgency of a heightened importance on ethics and a better examination of business governance. Endeavors are currently concentrated on developing organizational structures and a legal structure of confirmation and maintaining equilibrium, which are just, ethical, although typified by economic competence. Understanding the enlarged urgency for modifiable management practices and governance systems to bring back confidence in the securities market, the U. S. Congress enacted the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Through the provisions of the Act, it was made compulsory for setting up of separate corporate Board of Directors, establishment of independent audit and nomination committees, and solving of disagreement of interest among the management and other stakeholders in firms, denotes necessity of separate auditors, and accords more rigorous accounting information disclosure norms. Latest and proposed Securities and Exchange Commission rules are there, national stock exchange listing needs, and across the board fresh acts that passed by both sides of Congress, accented by President Bush, building new structures for the governance of the accounting industry as also enticement to manage deception in the shape of strict punishments for corporate delinquency. Even though these needs are mostly aimed at publicly traded businesses and other government controlled industries, these novel regulations must cause management and Boards of Directors, regardless of public or privately held businesses to heed to the demand for corporate reform earnestly by setting up or once again finding out their code of ethics of the company. Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) The indecisive efficacy of any fresh regulatory code; its possible expenses of implementation, and the restrictions of automatic remedial market mechanisms, call for building of institutions which ease the realization and execution of the law efficiently and in planned fortitude. These types of institutions must even suggest pioneering governance practices and build increasing apparent and easily supervised codes of ethics together with stringent disclosure needs. Center for Corporate Governance and Ethics) Return on equity is very crucial, but at the same time performing business without restoring to short-cuts is also important. Shareholders activism is important, but at the same time eagerness by the shareholders to allow management to perform its duty is also vital. Cautious notice to firm rules and methods is valuable, but concurrently is the capability to be resilient and keen to change long-standing regulations and processes. Permitting a company to gain from the network of acquaintances of staff is vital, however side by side is averting of circumstances wherein people believe that the company’s decisions are arrived not on the merits, rather depending on the basis of contacts. (Ethics and Corporate Governance: Is There One Best Way? ) Every profitable enterprise wants to flourish and therefore require skilled senior management. But skilled management never implies that that sole decisive factor is awareness regarding the functioning of the business and the capability to augment earnings, growth and profits. Competent management must even instill a custom of truthfulness and ethical conduct. The Board of Directors and management must fix a right ethical pretext in case of every employee, across the hierarchy of the organization. An efficient code of ethics or code of conduct is something which is espoused by the Board of Directors and routinely evaluated and reinstated by the Board. A Code of Ethics must fix the values of the company like the leadership, responsibility, honesty, and dedication and it is not the end of it. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) In case of beginners, codes of conduct must deal with working conditions, personnel enrichment and training, and disagreements of interest. In order to be genuinely effectual, a code of ethics must be included into employee training across the company and used as an instrument for assisting worker feeling on expected conduct. It must be supervised at every stage to find out if the ideals are really executed across the company. A lot of companies with ethics programs have persisted to sustain hue legal cost for litigation based on unethical conduct of its employees due to gaps in supervising and implementing an ethical code of conduct. The ongoing engagement of every staff as also service by Board members must partly be resolved by every person espousing, enforcing and behaving themselves as per a suitable ethical code of conduct. (Corporate Governance: Codes of Ethics to Guide Corporate Conduct) To conclude, corporate governance guidelines and ethics are developing fast. Investors are calling for increased standards as also other stakeholders. Those companies who do not possess appropriate corporate governance and ethics processes endanger themselves to serious harm to their standing, criminal/ legal action and authoritarian punishments. How to cite Corporate Governance and Business Ethics, Essay examples